Global data
Explore the global state of eye health through key indicators and interactive visuals. Start with a high level overview, then you can scroll down for deeper insights.
How many people have sight loss?
Sight loss by gender and region
These modelled data from Vision Loss Expert Group (VLEG) provide global and regional estimates of different levels of sight loss for males and females of all ages.
Filter by region and measure to examine geographical variations and hover over chart segments to view the measure for each level of sight loss. You can also filter by selecting legend items.
Currently selected
How many people will have sight loss in 2050?
Sight loss projection by 2050
It’s projected that the number of people in the world of all ages living with sight loss will increase to over 1.7 billion by 2050. More women than men will have sight loss.
Currently selected
How much does sight loss cost?
Global annual productivity loss due to sight loss
Global annual productivity loss due to sight loss is estimated at $410.7 billion, comprising $43.6 billion from blindness and $367.1 billion from MSVI. This substantial economic impact underscores the importance of investing in eye care services and interventions that could significantly reduce this global financial burden.
Currently selected
What progress is being made?
Eye health systems
Data from six key indicators demonstrate the progress towards the eye health systems goals of the 2030 In Sight strategy, as reported through a survey completed by a key respondent in each country. Explore each indicator using the menu and click each country for more details.
Currently selected
Diving into the details
Unpack and explore expanded insights into the global state of eye health, with key indicators presented in more detail.
Sight loss and causes
Magnitude of sight loss
Sight loss by country
This interactive map presents modelled data on sight loss prevalence by country (all ages). The chart reveals significant global disparities, with the highest age-standardised prevalence in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.
Explore different measures, filter by gender, and select specific sight loss severity levels using the dropdown menus.
Currently selected
Sight loss by region
This interactive world map displays sight loss across regions, revealing significant global inequities in eye health, with sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia experiencing the highest burden.
Customise your view using the dropdown filters.
Currently selected
Sight loss over time
These modelled data provide global and regional estimates of different levels of sight loss (all ages). Despite global age-standardised prevalence remaining stable, the crude prevalence and numbers are increasing. With an ageing and growing population, vision loss remains an urgent and increasingly important public health priority.
Customise your view using the filters or by selecting legend items.
Currently selected
Sight loss by age
These modelled vision loss data provide global estimates of different levels of vision loss by age, gender and over time. There is a strong association between age and vision loss after the age of 50.
Currently selected
Sight loss by gender
These modelled data provide estimates of different levels of sight loss for males and females (all ages). 1.1 billion people live with sight loss. 90% of sight loss is preventable or treatable.
Currently selected
Sight loss projections
These modelled sight loss data provide global and regional estimates and projections of different levels of sight loss for each decade (all ages). Hover over chart segments to view data for each level of sight loss.
Currently selected
Causes of sight loss
Global causes of sight loss
This chart shows the global distribution of blindness causes based on modelled data from VLEG (global, 2020, all ages). Notably, both cataract and uncorrected refractive errors are highly treatable conditions, highlighting significant opportunities for intervention. Explore the data using the dropdown menus.
Currently selected
Causes of sight loss over time
This line chart tracks the global estimates of sight loss due to different causes from 1990 to 2020 (all ages). The chart reveals concerning upward trends of numbers affected across all major causes. Notably, the leading causes are avoidable with cost-effective interventions like spectacles and cataract surgery.
Currently selected
Sight loss by region and cause
This map displays the geographic distribution of sight loss by cause across different regions (all ages). Explore different causes, severity levels, and measures of sight loss using the dropdown menus.
Currently selected
Status of elimination of trachoma
Trachoma is an eye disease caused by bacterial infection and affects approximately 1.9 million people worldwide. The chart reveals that trachoma remains a significant public health concern primarily across Africa, Latin America, and Australia.
Currently selected
Status of elimination of onchocerciasis
Onchocerciasis, or “river blindness”, is caused by a parasitic infection. Symptoms include visual impairment, including permanent blindness. More than 99% of infected people live in Africa. Four Latin American countries have eliminated onchocerciasis so far.
Currently selected
Economics
Eyecare intervention returns compared to other interventions
This chart compares the economic return on investment for different health interventions, measured in dollars returned for each dollar invested. Eye health interventions deliver exceptional value with a $28 return per dollar invested—significantly outperforming other important health interventions.
Currently selected
The educational and economic cost of uncorrected vision in children
Uncorrected refractive error among school-aged children results in significant global losses annually: 6.3 million equivalent school years and $173 billion in economic productivity. Simple interventions like vision screening and affordable eyeglasses could prevent these substantial losses, making this one of the most cost-effective educational and economic investments worldwide.
Currently selected
How to cite: Dhakhwa p, et al. Better education in sight. An estimate of global learning and economic productivity losses from uncorrected refractive error in schools. (2024)
Accessed via the IAPB Vision Atlas: visionatlas.iapb.org.
Effective coverage
Effective refractive error coverage (eREC) in adults aged 50+
Effective refractive error coverage (eREC) is the proportion of people in need of refractive error services who have received services and have a good-quality outcome. This chart shows data for adults 50+ with an outcome of 6/12 or better). Hover for data for 2023 and 2030 by gender.
Currently selected
How to cite: Bourne R, et al. Effective refractive error coverage in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of updated estimates from population-based surveys in 76 countries modelling the path towards the 2030 global target. Lancet Glob Health. 2025. Accessed via the IAPB Vision Atlas: visionatlas.iapb.org.
Effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC) in adults aged 50+
Effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC) is the percentage of people who have had successful cataract surgery out of all people who either need or have had cataract surgery.
There are dramatic global disparities, with coverage rates ranging from as low as 4% in some nations to as high as 70% in others. This highlights significant inequities in access to quality cataract surgery.
Global figures
Currently selected
Eye health commitments
Eye health commitments
This chart maps the global landscape of eye health commitments from diverse stakeholders working toward the goals of the 2030 In Sight Strategy. These commitments represent pledged actions, resources, and policies aimed at expanding effective coverage of eye care services globally.
Total commitments: 95
Currently selected
Eye health systems
Eye health systems
This chart shows country-level progress towards the eye health systems goals of the 2030 In Sight strategy, based on data from six key indicators.
The data were reported through surveys completed by designated respondents in each country. Respondents were key opinion leaders with comprehensive understanding of national eye care situation, such as national eye care coordinators, key personnel from Ministries of Health, and heads of national eye health committees.
Use the menu to explore each indicator and click on a country for more details.
Currently selected
Workforce
Ophthalmologists per million
This map shows the density of ophthalmologists per million population across countries, revealing stark global inequities in eye care workforce distribution. High-income regions generally have the highest concentrations of ophthalmologists but many countries have critically low numbers of ophthalmologists relative to population needs.
Hover for the reference for each country.
Currently selected
Optometrists per million
This world map illustrates the global distribution of optometrists per million population, revealing significant disparities in access to optometric care worldwide. Higher income countries generally display the highest concentrations of optometrists, while much of Africa and parts of Asia show very low densities.
Currently selected
Allied ophthalmic personnel per million
This world map shows the density of allied ophthalmic personnel per million population across countries. Allied personnel play crucial roles in expanding service capacity and are essential for implementing sustainable and comprehensive eye care systems capable of meeting population needs, especially in resource-constrained settings.
Currently selected
Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness surveys
RAAB is a well-established population-based eye health survey. It assesses the prevalence and causes of vision loss and blindness among people aged 50 years+. Data from RAAB surveys are vital to generate vision loss estimates calculated by the Vision Loss Expert Group and the effective coverage estimates from WHO on the Vision Atlas.
This map shows RAAB surveys since 2000.
Currently selected
IAPB member map
This chart shows the distribution of IAPB members. Hover over the map to see which countries contain head offices of member organisations.
Currently selected
Featured news
A cost-effective digital vision management strategy could reduce childhood myopia in China
China faces escalating childhood myopia crisis with projections reaching 61% by 2050
Explore topics
Effective coverage of refractive error care
Magnitude of sight loss
Causes of sight loss
View sight loss data by countries